Exploring Coping Strategies Among Critical Care Nurses Experiencing Burnout in Post-Pandemic Intensive Care Unit Settings

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the mental health and well-being of critical care nurses, with many experiencing high levels of burnout due to prolonged exposure to stress, trauma, and overwhelming workloads. As the healthcare system transitions into a post-pandemic phase, understanding how nurses cope with burnout has become essential for ensuring workforce sustainability and quality patient care. This study aimed to explore the coping strategies employed by critical care nurses working in post-pandemic intensive care unit (ICU) settings. A qualitative descriptive design was adopted to gain an in-depth understanding of nurses lived experiences. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 critical care nurses from various ICU settings in tertiary care hospitals. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes related to coping mechanisms. The study revealed four major themes: (1) Emotional regulation through peer support and reflective practices; (2) Adaptive professional boundaries and work-life balance; (3) Engagement in self-care routines including mindfulness, physical activity, and spiritual practices; and (4) Organizational support and leadership responsiveness as crucial enablers of resilience. Nurses reported that while some strategies were self-initiated, institutional policies and team dynamics played a critical role in sustaining coping efforts. Critical care nurses in post-pandemic ICUs adopt a range of individual and collective coping strategies to manage burnout. The findings highlight the need for healthcare institutions to foster supportive work environments, promote mental health resources, and implement targeted interventions that address the emotional and psychological needs of nurses in high-stress settings.